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Today In this article, I am going to tell you that all about Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Jayanti, Biography and achievements?
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, also known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was a jurist, social and political reformer. He is also known as the father of the Indian Constitution; he was a famous politician and a distinguished jurist. His efforts to eradicate social evils like untouchability and caste restrictions are remarkable.
Throughout his life, he fought for the rights of Dalits and other socially backward classes. Ambedkar was appointed as the first Law Minister of India in Jawaharlal Nehru’s cabinet. In 1990, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian honour of India.
Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar Jayanti?
Bhimrao Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891, in Mahow Army Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh. His father’s name was Ramji and mother’s name was Bhimabai. Ambedkar’s father was a subedar in the Indian Army. After retirement in 1894 he moved to his family Satara.
Soon after, Bhimrao’s mother passed away. Four years later, his father remarried and the family was relocated to Bombay. In 1906, 15-year-old Bhimrao married a 9-year-old girl Ramabai. His father Ramji Sakpal died in Mumbai in 1912.
Bhimrao Ambedkar During his childhood, he faced caste discrimination. By the name of the Hindu Maur caste, his family was seen as “untouchable” by the upper classes. Ambedkar faced discrimination and humiliation at the Army School. Fearing social outrage, teachers discriminated against lower class students from Brahmins and other upper classes.
Teachers often asked untouchable students to sit outside the classroom. After he shifted to Satara, he was enrolled in a local school, but changing the school did not change Bhimrao’s fate. Wherever he went, he faced discrimination. After coming back from the US, Ambedkar was appointed as the defence secretary to the King of Baroda, but there too he faced humiliation for being an ‘untouchable’.
Bhimrao Ambedkar Wife and Childrens
Ambedkar had two marriages. He was first married to Ramabai in 1906. Then, she was 15 years old. Ramabai had a total of five children Yashwant, Ramesh, Gangadhar, Rajratna and a daughter Indu, but unfortunately all the children except Yashwant died in childhood. Ambedkar used to be busier. So, he could not take care of his family. She fell very ill. So, Ramabai died in 1935.
For the next 13 years, he did not think of marriage and, studied barrister in England. The second wife’s name was Savita. She was a doctor. But Dr. B.R. was very sick. So, He married Dr. Savita in 1948. So, that they can take good care of him.
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Education of B R Ambedkar
He passed matriculation in 1908 from Elphinstone High School. In 1908, Ambedkar had the opportunity to study at Elphinstone College and in 1912 he received his bachelor’s degree in Economics and Political Science from the University of Bombay. Apart from successfully clearing all the examinations, Ambedkar received a scholarship of Rs 25 a month from Sahaji Rao I, the Gaekwad ruler of Baroda.
Ambedkar decided to use that money for higher education in America. He enrolled Columbia University in New York City to study economics. He obtained a master’s degree from ‘Indian Commerce’ in June 1915.
In 1916, he was enrolled in the London School of Economics. And he started working on the “Doctor Thesis“, “The Rupee Problem“: Its Origin and Its Solutions”. Ambedkar became professor of economics of politics at the Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics in Bombay with the help of lord Sydenham, former governor of Bombay. To continue his further studies, he went to England in 1920 at his own expense. There he was awarded a D.Sc. degree by the University of London. received.
BhimRao Ambedkar spent a few months studying economics at the University of Bonn, Germany. He received his Ph.D. degree in Economics in 1927. On June 8, 1927, he was awarded a doctorate by Columbia University.
Fight Against Caste Discrimination
After returning to India, Bhimrao Ambedkar decided to fight against caste discrimination, due to which he had to face suffering throughout his life. In his testimony before the Southborough Committee for the preparation of the Government of India Act in 1919, Ambedkar said that there should be a separate electoral system for untouchables and other marginalised communities. He considered reservation for Dalits and other religious exclusions.
Ambedkar started looking for ways to reach out to people and understand the flaws of social evils. He launched a newspaper called “Mooknayak” in 1920 with the help of Maharaja Shahaji II of Kalkapur. The incident also created a huge uproar in the socio-political sphere of the country.
BhimRao Ambedkar started his legal work after gray passed the bar course in these. He applied conflicting skills advocating cases of caste discrimination. His spectacular victory in defence of many non-Brahmin leaders, accusing Brahmins of ruining India, established the basis of his future battle.
In 1927, Ambedkar had started a movement for Dalit rights at full speed. He demanded that public drinking water sources be open to all and entry into all temples for all castes. He slammed Hindutvavadis for advocating discrimination for entering the Kalaram temple in Nashik and held symbolic demonstrations.
In 1932, the Poona Pact was signed between Dr Ambedkar and Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, a representative of Hindu Brahmins, for reservation of seats for untouchable classes in temporary assemblies, within the general electorate.
Political Career of B R Ambedkar
In 1936, Ambedkar founded the Independent Labour Party. In the election to the Central Legislative Assembly in 1937, his party won 15 seats. Ambedkar transformed his political party’s transformation into an All India Scheduled Castes Association, though it performed poorly in the elections held in 1946 for the Constituent Assembly of India.
Ambedkar objected to the Congress and Mahatma Gandhi’s decision to call the untouchable community Harijans. He said that members of the untouchable community are also similar to other members of the society. Ambedkar was appointed as labour minister in the Defence Advisory Committee and the Viceroy’s Executive Council.
His reputation as a scholar led to his appointment as independent India’s first law minister and chairman of the committee responsible for forming the independent committee.
Framers of the Indian Constitution
Dr Ambedkar was appointed as the Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee on August 29, 1947. Ambedkar stressed on building a real bridge between all sections of the society. According to him, if the gap between different sections of the country is not reduced, it will be difficult to maintain the unity of the country. He laid special emphasis on religious, gender and caste equality.
He succeeded in getting the support of the Assembly to introduce reservation for members of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in education, government jobs and civil services.
B R Ambedkar Conversion to Buddhism
In 1950, Ambedkar went to Sri Lanka to attend a conference of Buddhist scholars and monks. After his return he decided to write a book on Buddhism and soon, converted to Buddhism. In his speeches, Ambedkar belied Hindu rituals and caste divisions. Ambedkar founded the Bharatiya Bauddha Mahasabha in 1955.
His book, The Buddha and His Dhamma, was published posthumously. On October 14, 1956, Ambedkar held a public function. In which about five lakh supporters converted to Buddhism. Ambedkar travelled to Kathmandu to attend the Fourth World Buddhist Conference. He completed his final manuscript, The Buddha or Karl Marx, on December 2, 1956.
Bhimrao Ambedkar death reason
From 1954 – 55 onwards Ambedkar suffered from serious health problems including diabetes and weak vision. He died at his home in Delhi on December 6, 1956, since Ambedkar had embraced Buddhism, his religion, so he was cremated in a Buddhist style. Hundreds of thousands of supporters, activists and admirers attended the ceremony.
Thoughts of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar
- “I like the religion that teaches liberty, equality and fraternity.”
- “I measure the progress of a community by the degree to which women have achieved.”
- “They can’t make history that forgets history.”
- “Be educated, stay organized and be agitated.”
- “Religion is for man, not man for religion.”
- “Man is mortal, so are thoughts.” An idea needs publicity, such as watering a plant, or both die by wilting.”
- “A great man is different from an iconic man in such a way that he is willing to be a servant of society.”
- “Equality may be a fantasy, but still it has to be accepted as a governing principle.”
- “The development of intelligence must be the ultimate goal of human existence.”
- “Belief may be a fantasy, but still it has to be accepted as a governing principle.”
FAQs
Q1) When is B R Ambedkar Jayanti?
Ans. Bhim Jayanti is an annual festival observed on 14 April to commemorate the memory of B. R. Ambedkar, Indian polymath and civil rights activist.
Q2) Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar Date of Birth?
Ans. 14 April 1891
Q3) Who was Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar?
Ans. PM Modi along with President Murmu and Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar paid floral tributes to him at Parliament complex today. Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar was a follower of Buddhism, so as a mark of respect his death anniversary is popularly known as Mahaparinirvan Diwas.
Conclusion
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